Gyratory crusher



Aug. 29, 1939. s] MESSKALT 2,171,429

' GYRATORY CRUSHER Filed oct. 2, 19:16'`

Patented Aug. 29, 1.939

,siennes nieuwe Hochst, Germany,

Frankfort-on-the-Mainasslgnor to I. G. Farbenindustrie Aktiengesellschaft, Frankfort-onthe-Main, Germany Application october s. 193s, serial No.' 103,116

y ilnermany October. 5, 1935 emma (el lis-no) Thepresent invention relates to a gyratory crusher and more` particularly to a gyratory crusher which may freely oscillate in the interior of a crusher'vbowl.

5 I have found that when the upper part of the crusher head of a conical crusher caused to pers Iorm circular or substantially circular oscillations by a rapidly rotating unbalanced body is suspended from a rigid body by non-elastic'means lo or means which have little elasticity, great eilicleney of operation is attained. The oscillating Ycrusher head acts vin thiscase, by pressure, on the small pieces of the material introduced betweerr said crusher head and the crusher bowl,

l5 whereas large flat pieces are crushed by bend- -ing stress. The rapidly rotating unbalanced body is directly coupled with the driving motor; prei.- erably by way of an elastic coupling, and gearing becomes unnecessary in the arrangement accoi-ding tothe invention, so that Irictional loss can be limited as far .as possible. 'I'he crusher head may be suspended by using'V for instance wire ropes. chains, leather `bands and other `Vmeans oi' this kind. All these means are characterlaed by the factvthat they are not stiiI against transversal movements to any side. A

high degree of reliability with little risk' oi breakn I ageroccurs in arrangements embodying the invention, because, though heavy dutiesA are called for complete flexibility is provided." This is particularly the case ifthe suspending-means have no or very. little lateral rigidity. By the merely oscillatory (not rotating) motion or the crusher head the'danger of smearingor plastering is overcome and consequently the crusher may be caused to .oscillate at irequencies varying, depending on the kind of the material to be crushed, from about some hundreds to about -some thousands per minute so that a consider- 40 able increase of the quantity of crushed material is attained as compared with that hitherto attainable. Depending on whether'the greatest eilect of the crusher is to be produced in. the mouth or in the lower part of the apparatus the unbalanced body may be mounted at the upper` or lower part'of; the crusherhead; Jin this case l it is advisable to locate a heavy mass at the part of the crusher head axially remote from the unbalanced body, in order-'to prevent the remote .V part of the crusher head from oscillating to a marked extent. 'Where' it is desired to attain the sameuenect at the mouth and in the lower part of the apparatus the effect o! the unbalanced mass is'distributed along the length ot the'crush- -:iler head so that-all parts of the crusher head make circular oscillationszabout its longitudinal axls Figures 1 to 3 or the accompanying drawing diagrammatically illustrate the invention by way of example, each oi the figures being a vertical 5 section.

'Flg. 1 illustrates a crusher producing its greatest effect at the mouth of vthe apparatus, Fig-s2 illustrates a crusher producing its greatest eifect in the annular opening at the vlower part of the l0A apparatus and Fig. 3 illustrates a crusher producing substantially equal effects at the mouth` and at the outlet. l.

The crusher illustrated in Fig. 1 where the greatest' eiect is produced at the mouth mainly 15 comprises a crusher head a suspended somewhat like a pendulum in the interior of the crusher bowl f by slightly elastic or non-elastic means b for instance wire ropes, chains or leather bands. The unbalanced eccentric body c which is 20 mounted inf the upper part of the crusher head is coupled by means of an intermediate shaft d with the driving motor e mounted in the bottom part of the crusher head. This bottom part of -thel crusher headis heavily formed to provide Ia 25 heavy mass y in order that when the-rapidly rotating unbalanced mass c is. driven the upper part of the'crusher head is caused to oseillate much more vigorously than the bottom part which may not oscillate at all.

The crusher illustrated in Fig. 2 which produc its greatest eilect at the annular opening at the lower part of the apparatus mainly comprisesthe crusher head a which is suspended in the interior of the crusher bowl f somewhat like a pendulum on 'slightly elastic or non-elastic meansb.I The unbalanced body c is mounted in the bottom part of .the crusher head a and the heavy mass u is located at the upper part of the crusher head; this unbalanced body c is It coupled with the driving motor 'e by-an intermediate shaft d and an interposed bail and socket joint'i. 0n driving when the unbalanced body c is rotated it causes the lower part of the crusher head to vigorously oscillate, the amplitude o f the oscillations decreasing towards the upper part by reason of the eilect of the heavy mass a.

Fig. 31s a4 cross ysection of a device having a substantially equal eifect at the mouth and at the outlet. Here also the crusher head a is sus- 5C -pended in the interior of thepcrusher bowl I on slightly elastic or non-elastic means b. Unbal- ,sneed bodies c are arranged and situated along the length of the crusher head and are coupled with the driving motor e by means of an elastic coupling h. The action of the bodies c in this case is distributed along the entire longitudinal kaxis of the crusher head a. When the unbalanced bodies are driven a vigorous circular oscillation of -all parts of the crusher head a takes place about its longitudinal axis so that thesame effect is produced at the mouth and'at the opening at the bottom of the apparatus.

I claim: p n

1. In a\gyratory crusher of the type CQmprising a crusher bowl and a crusher head having generally upright cooperating crushing surfaces.

er head and arranged to suspend the same and movable in relation thereto during operation of the crusher to various relative angular positions with respect' to the axis of the head, a heavy mass mounted in the upper part of Ithe crusher head and an out of balance weight rotatable in thebottom part of the crusher head around its xed a'xis andI means for rotating the out of balance weight.

3; In a gyratory crusher of the type compris-l ing a crusher' bowl and a crusher head having generally upright cooperating crushing surfaces,

van'ce weight.

elongated flexible means cnnected to the crusher head and arranged to suspend the same and movable in relation thereto during operation of the crusher to various relative angular positions with respect to lthe axis yofthe head, a heavy mass mounted in the bottom part of the crush- 'er head and an out of balance weight rotatable in the upper part of the crusher head around its perpendicular axis and means for rotating the out of balance weight.

4. In a gyratory crusher of the type comprising a crusher bowl and a crusher head having generally upright cooperating crushing surfaces,

elongated ilexible means connected to the crusher head and arranged to suspend the same and movable in relation thereto during operation oi' the crusher to various relative angular positions with respect to the axis of the head, said crusher head having two rotatable out of balance weights in its interior, one at the upper and one at the lower part and ymeans for rotating the out of balance weights.

5. In a gyratory crusher of the type comprising a crusher bowl and a crusher head having -generally upright cooperating crushing surfaces,

elongated flexible means connected to the crusher head andy arranged to suspend the same and movable in relation thereto during operation of thel crusher to various relative angular positions with respect to the axis of the head, said crusher head having in its interior a heavy mass at one end and an out of balance weight at the opposite end and means for rotating the out of bal- SIEGFRIED KIESSKALT. u 

